FuelPHP, a PHP 5.3 Framework Documentation

Auth をアプリケーションで使う

このページにある Auth コントローラの例を使うと、Simpleauth や Ormauth を使った基本的なユーザー認証をアプリケーションで利用できます。

前提

実際のアプリケーションを基にしたこの例では、Ormauth の実装に基づいて、ログイン、ログアウト、新規ユーザー登録、パスワードを忘れた場合の復旧措置について説明します。 「remember-me」(ログイン状態を保持)機能をサポートし、必要なフォームを生成するために fieldset を利用します。異なるセクションを説明しやすくするために、コントローラは別のパーツに分けられています。 使う時には、すべての例をコピーしてひとつのコントローラにまとめてかまいません。

It also uses language files for all data strings (it assumes you have a language file called login that contains all the language strings used), a central application configuration file to configure application behaviour and a Message class that deals with messaging in the application, which are all outside the scope of this example. You can replace that with whatever mechanism you use in your application control behaviour and to relay messages back to the user.

The original code uses the Theme class, but the example has been adapted to use standard Views for simplicity reasons. If you prefer to use Controller_Template, set the template content instead of returning View objects. If you're using the theme class, set the required partial instead.

Login

This is the example code for the login method. It expects input from a form that contains the input fields username (which may contain either username or email address), password and remember (which is used as a toggle, so it can be a checkbox). If no form input is present, or if a login failure is detected, it falls through and displays the login view.

public function action_login()
{
	// already logged in?
	if (\Auth::check())
	{
		// yes, so go back to the page the user came from, or the
		// application dashboard if no previous page can be detected
		\Messages::info(__('login.already-logged-in'));
		\Response::redirect_back('dashboard');
	}

	// was the login form posted?
	if (\Input::method() == 'POST')
	{
		// check the credentials.
		if (\Auth::instance()->login(\Input::param('username'), \Input::param('password')))
		{
			// did the user want to be remembered?
			if (\Input::param('remember', false))
			{
				// create the remember-me cookie
				\Auth::remember_me();
			}
			else
			{
				// delete the remember-me cookie if present
				\Auth::dont_remember_me();
			}

			// logged in, go back to the page the user came from, or the
			// application dashboard if no previous page can be detected
			\Response::redirect_back('dashboard');
		}
		else
		{
			// login failed, show an error message
			\Messages::error(__('login.failure'));
		}
	}

	// display the login page
	return \View::forge('login/login');
}

Logout

This is the example code for the logout method. It will remove the remember-me cookie (as that would cause an automatic re-login on the next page request),

public function action_logout()
{
	// remove the remember-me cookie, we logged-out on purpose
	\Auth::dont_remember_me();

	// logout
	\Auth::logout();

	// inform the user the logout was successful
	\Messages::success(__('login.logged-out'));

	// and go back to where you came from (or the application
	// homepage if no previous page can be determined)
	\Response::redirect_back();
}

Registration

This is the example code for the new user registration method. As this example uses Ormauth, it's obvious that we can use the Auth user model to create the fieldset for the registration form. If you're using Simpleauth, you can still use the model as a fieldset template, as we're not using it to interact with the database. Using it does mean you need to have the Orm package loaded though, otherwise the Model class can't be loaded.

public function action_register()
{
	// is registration enabled?
	if ( ! \Config::get('application.user.registration', false))
	{
		// inform the user registration is not possible
		\Messages::error(__('login.registation-not-enabled'));

		// and go back to the previous page (or the homepage)
		\Response::redirect_back();
	}

	// create the registration fieldset
	$form = \Fieldset::forge('registerform');

	// add a csrf token to prevent CSRF attacks
	$form->form()->add_csrf();

	// and populate the form with the model properties
	$form->add_model('Model\\Auth_User');

	// add the fullname field, it's a profile property, not a user property
	$form->add_after('fullname', __('login.form.fullname'), array(), array(), 'username')->add_rule('required');

	// add a password confirmation field
	$form->add_after('confirm', __('login.form.confirm'), array('type' => 'password'), array(), 'password')->add_rule('required');

	// make sure the password is required
	$form->field('password')->add_rule('required');

	// and new users are not allowed to select the group they're in (duh!)
	$form->disable('group_id');

	// since it's not on the form, make sure validation doesn't trip on its absence
	$form->field('group_id')->delete_rule('required')->delete_rule('is_numeric');

	// was the registration form posted?
	if (\Input::method() == 'POST')
	{
		// validate the input
		$form->validation()->run();

		// if validated, create the user
		if ( ! $form->validation()->error())
		{
			try
			{
				// call Auth to create this user
				$created = \Auth::create_user(
					$form->validated('username'),
					$form->validated('password'),
					$form->validated('email'),
					\Config::get('application.user.default_group', 1),
					array(
						'fullname' => $form->validated('fullname'),
					)
				);

				// if a user was created succesfully
				if ($created)
				{
					// inform the user
					\Messages::success(__('login.new-account-created'));

					// and go back to the previous page, or show the
					// application dashboard if we don't have any
					\Response::redirect_back('dashboard');
				}
				else
				{
					// oops, creating a new user failed?
					\Messages::error(__('login.account-creation-failed'));
				}
			}

			// catch exceptions from the create_user() call
			catch (\SimpleUserUpdateException $e)
			{
				// duplicate email address
				if ($e->getCode() == 2)
				{
					\Messages::error(__('login.email-already-exists'));
				}

				// duplicate username
				elseif ($e->getCode() == 3)
				{
					\Messages::error(__('login.username-already-exists'));
				}

				// this can't happen, but you'll never know...
				else
				{
					\Messages::error($e->getMessage());
				}
			}
		}

		// validation failed, repopulate the form from the posted data
		$form->repopulate();
	}

	// pass the fieldset to the form, and display the new user registration view
	return \View::forge('login/registration')->set('form', $form, false);
}

With this code, new user accounts are immediately active. You can add a validation stage by creating a separate group for users in that stage, and send a confirmation email out. That email should then contain a link to a new 'confirm' method with a hash, that after validation of the hash changes the group from 'validating' to 'active'. How to do this is left to the reader. You can have a look at the password recovery method below to get some pointers on how to generate this hash, where to store it, and how to send an email out.

Password recovery

This is the example code for the password-recovery method. It requires a form with an 'email' input field on which the user can enter his email address. This is then used to lookup the user, and send out an email with a recovery link. There is no visible feedback to the user whether or not the email was correct, to avoid account and email guessing.

public function action_lostpassword($hash = null)
{
	// was the lostpassword form posted?
	if (\Input::method() == 'POST')
	{
		// do we have a posted email address?
		if ($email = \Input::post('email'))
		{
			// do we know this user?
			if ($user = \Model\Auth_User::find_by_email($email))
			{
				// generate a recovery hash
				$hash = \Auth::instance()->hash_password(\Str::random()).$user->id;

				// and store it in the user profile
				\Auth::update_user(
					array(
						'lostpassword_hash' => $hash,
						'lostpassword_created' => time()
					),
					$user->username
				);

				// send an email out with a reset link
				\Package::load('email');
				$email = \Email::forge();

				// use a view file to generate the email message
				$email->html_body(
					\Theme::instance()->view('login/lostpassword')
						->set('url', \Uri::create('login/lostpassword/'.$hash), false)
						->set('user', $user, false)
						->render()
				);

				// give it a subject
				$email->subject(__('login.password-recovery'));

				// add from- and to address
				$from = \Config::get('application.email-addresses.from.website', 'website@example.org');
				$email->from($from['email'], $from['name']);
				$email->to($user->email, $user->fullname);

				// and off it goes (if all goes well)!
				try
				{
					// send the email
					$email->send();
				}

				// this should never happen, a users email was validated, right?
				catch(\EmailValidationFailedException $e)
				{
					\Messages::error(__('login.invalid-email-address'));
					\Response::redirect_back();
				}

				// what went wrong now?
				catch(\Exception $e)
				{
					// log the error so an administrator can have a look
					logger(\Fuel::L_ERROR, '*** Error sending email ('.__FILE__.'#'.__LINE__.'): '.$e->getMessage());

					\Messages::error(__('login.error-sending-email'));
					\Response::redirect_back();
				}
			}
		}

		// posted form, but email address posted?
		else
		{
			// inform the user and fall through to the form
			\Messages::error(__('login.error-missing-email'));
		}

		// inform the user an email is on the way (or not ;-))
		\Messages::info(__('login.recovery-email-send'));
		\Response::redirect_back();
	}

	// no form posted, do we have a hash passed in the URL?
	elseif ($hash !== null)
	{
		// get the userid from the hash
		$user = substr($hash, 44);

		// and find the user with this id
		if ($user = \Model\Auth_User::find_by_id($user))
		{
			// do we have this hash for this user, and hasn't it expired yet (we allow for 24 hours response)?
			if (isset($user->lostpassword_hash) and $user->lostpassword_hash == $hash and time() - $user->lostpassword_created < 86400)
			{
				// invalidate the hash
				\Auth::update_user(
					array(
						'lostpassword_hash' => null,
						'lostpassword_created' => null
					),
					$user->username
				);

				// log the user in and go to the profile to change the password
				if (\Auth::instance()->force_login($user->id))
				{
					\Messages::info(__('login.password-recovery-accepted'));
					\Response::redirect('profile');
				}
			}
		}

		// something wrong with the hash
		\Messages::error(__('login.recovery-hash-invalid'));
		\Response::redirect_back();
	}

	// no form posted, and no hash present. no clue what we do here
	else
	{
		\Response::redirect_back();
	}
}

As mentioned before, this example uses Ormauth, and can therefore use the provided Orm models to access the users table. If you use Simpleauth, use this code instead:

$user = \DB::select_array(\Config::get('simpleauth.table_columns', array('*')))
	->where('email', '=', $email)
	->from(\Config::get('simpleauth.table_name'))
	->as_object()->execute(\Config::get('simpleauth.db_connection'))->current();

	// do we know this user?
	if ($user)
	{
		// etc...

and likewise for the second lookup, which is on 'id'. You will also have to modify the check on the lostpassword fields, as with Simpleauth they are stored in the profile fields array. This means that you have to the profile_fields column from the query result, unserialize it if it's not empty, and get the hash and timestamp out of it.

You may also notice that the user-id is added to the hash. This is done to be able to support Simpleauth. With Ormauth, you could do a metadata lookup, and get the related user object from the metadata. With Simpleauth, there is no lookup possible since the data is stored in a serialized array inside the profile_fields column.